DIY Well Pump Setup: Pressure Tank Assembly Guide

Welcome back to Base Camp WNC! Today, we're continuing our Pump and Spring Water Project.  This is Part 2.
In this episode, we'll cover:

1. Assembling a water expansion tank
2. Plumbing the system
3. Explaining key components (pressure switch, relief valve, faucet, and shut-off valve)

Let's begin with assembling the pressure tank:

1. Start with the T-joint for attaching a water release valve.
2. Add a pop-off valve, similar to the one on your hot water heater. This prevents the pump from over-pressurizing and damaging your pipes by releasing water when necessary.
3. Install a shut-off valve on the outflow side. This allows you to shut off the water without losing all the pump pressure.
4. Attach the pressure switch on top and the pressure gauge on the side.
5. Use Teflon tape and joint compound on all connections for a secure seal.

Assembly process: First, remove the shipping plug from the tank to keep out dirt and critters. Apply Teflon tape to the joints and start assembling. Use channel locks to tighten the pressure switch and a crescent wrench for the nut. Screw in the pressure gauge and attach the valve for water outflow and the pop-off valve.

Key components:

• Pressure switch: Preset to 40-60 psi. When you shut off the water, the pressure goes up to 60 psi and cuts off. When you start using water, it drops to 40 psi before the pump kicks back on.
• Pressure gauge: Monitors system pressure, allowing you to see when the pump activates and deactivates.
• Faucet: Primarily for draining the tank, especially important in winter to prevent freezing.
• Shut-off valve: Isolates the house from the tank, useful for maintenance or emergencies.
• Air valve: Maintains proper tank pressure (38 psi for a 40-60 psi switch). It's located under a cap and uses a regular air chuck valve.

The 48-gallon tank can pump 48 gallons before pressure drops. Inside the tank is a diaphragm that stretches to retain pressure, acting like a balloon. If your pump cycles frequently, you may need a larger tank or multiple tanks in series. For example, at our farm, we have three large tanks in series to manage irrigation demands.
Maintenance tip: Check the air pressure regularly using a tire pressure gauge. If the pressure is too high, release some air until it reaches 38 psi. If it's too low, add air. Proper air pressure ensures efficient operation and prevents frequent pump cycling.

Stay tuned for upcoming videos on installing the main tank, setting up pumps, connecting the system, and wiring. We'll continue to share useful tips along the way.

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Visit our site at:  CarolinaHomesteadPlanner.com for more tips and resources for Homestead Planning.  We provide Homestead Consulting Services - so be sure to contact us if we can help.